Federal Tax
The federal tax rate is the same for all US states. The rate is assessed annually by the Congress according to the common tax policy of the country. This tax is obligatory for every juridical and physical person working in the USA. Internal Revenue Services (IRS) is in charge of all proceedings related to the federal tax. All taxes and refunds come from the federal budget.
Social Security & Medicare Tax
All the revenues from these two type of taxes go to the federal budget and their rate is the same for all the states. Paying them is obligatory besides for foreign exchange students. They are also known as FICA.
State Tax
This tax rate differs for every state. In most cases the state tax rate is lower than the federal one. There are some states that this type of tax does not apply (Alaska, Florida, Nevada, Texas, South Dakota, Washington, Wyoming, New Hampshire, and Tennessee). The rate is defined by the legislative authorities of each state. The state income tax is obligatory for everybody regardless the US sojourn status.
Local Tax
The rate of this tax depends on the local authorities. These taxes cannot be refunded (except for New York City).
Refunding your taxes can be very easy. Our friends and colleagues from Verde Tax are able to submit your tax refund declaration based on the slip of your last paycheck. So our advice to you is to keep your last paycheck or a copy of it in order to apply for a tax refund earlier and to use our special offer for second timers -the Tax Advantage option.
The necessary documents are: a copy of your social security card, a copy of your visa and in some cases a copy of your DS2019.
In case you are receiving your salary as a direct deposit to your personal bank account you will need a bank statement for the last payment period made from your employer. It is very important to know the starting and ending date of your employment for each employer, their phone number and address. You need to know that each employer is obligated to issue a W2 form for all employees. This form shows all of your income and the sum of the taxes paid for the employment period. Please note that W2 are only issued after the end of the fiscal year! Do not forget to double check the contact information given to the HR office because according to that information your W2 form will be send to the provided address. Many of the employers send the W2 form online too, so please discuss this option before your last working day. You will receive your W2 form no earlier than January 2019.